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Hydrochloric acid
Product Name: Hydrochloric acid
Abbreviation: HCl
Synonyms: Hydrochloric acid , Muriatic acid , Hydrogen chloride , Spirit of salt , Chlorhydric acid , Priscoline
CAS:7647-01-0
Molecular formula: HCl
Molecular weight:36.46
Einecs:231-595-7
Structural formula:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) and has a wide range of industrial uses. Hydrochloric acid is a colorless, transparent liquid with a strong pungent odor and is highly corrosive. Concentrated hydrochloric acid (mass fraction of about 37%) is extremely volatile, so when a container containing concentrated hydrochloric acid is opened, the hydrogen chloride gas will evaporate and combine with water vapor in the air to produce small droplets of hydrochloric acid, causing acid mist to appear above the bottle mouth. Hydrochloric acid is the main component of gastric acid, which can promote food digestion and resist microbial infection. . In the chemical industry, hydrochloric acid has many important applications and plays a decisive role in the quality of products. Hydrochloric acid can be used for pickling steel and is also a chemical reagent required for the large-scale preparation of many inorganic and organic compounds, such as vinyl chloride, the precursor of PVC plastics. Hydrochloric acid also has many small-scale uses, such as household cleaning, production of gelatin and other food additives, descaling reagents, and leather processing.
TECHNICAL INDICATORS
| Analyze Project | Analysis | Requirement |
| Appearance | Appearance | Colorless liquid with pungent odor |
| density | Densities | 1.18g/cm 3 |
| Vapor pressure | Vapor pressure | 27.3 Pa (20°C) |
| purity(%) | Fineness | 37.1% |
USE
2.One of the most important uses of hydrochloric acid is pickling steel. Before subsequent processing of iron or steel (extrusion, rolling, galvanizing, etc.), hydrochloric acid can be used to react with the surface rust or iron oxide. Usually, a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 18% is used as a pickling agent to clean carbon steel.
3.Flame color reaction is often used to test metals or their compounds. The platinum wire used for testing needs to be cleaned with dilute hydrochloric acid to remove the influence of impurity elements.
4.Hydrochloric acid is also commonly used in the oil industry: hydrochloric acid is injected into oil wells to dissolve the rock and form a large cavity. This method is often used in the oil extraction industry in the North Sea oil fields.
STORAGE CONDITIONS
1.Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse.
2.The warehouse temperature shall not exceed 30°C and the relative humidity shall not exceed 85%.
3.Keep container sealed.
4.It should be stored separately from alkalis, amines, alkali metals, and flammable materials, and should not be mixed.
The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and appropriate containment materials.
PACKAGE
2. Other forms of packaging can be provided according to customer needs.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
2.When some metal compounds are dissolved in hydrochloric acid, the metal ions will complex with the chloride ions. For example, lead dichloride, which is difficult to dissolve in cold water, can be dissolved in hydrochloric acid .
3.Copper is difficult to dissolve in dilute hydrochloric acid in the absence of air, but it can dissolve in hot concentrated hydrochloric acid and release hydrogen .
4.Substitution reaction: Alcohols can undergo nucleophilic substitution in an acidic environment to form halogenated hydrocarbons .
5.Addition reaction: Hydrogen chloride can also add to olefinic double bonds to give chlorinated hydrocarbons .
6.Amine compounds are usually not very soluble in water. To increase their solubility, they can be treated with dilute hydrochloric acid to form ammonium salts .
7.Anhydrous zinc chloride dissolved in high concentration hydrochloric acid can be used to prepare Lucas reagent, which is used to identify whether alcohols with six carbon atoms or less are primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols. Lucas reagent becomes turbid immediately when mixed with tertiary alcohols, becomes turbid in 2-5 minutes when mixed with secondary alcohols, and becomes turbid when heated with primary alcohols .
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